---
title: It is given that a pupil witnessed the bullying of a younger child w… — Fights, racism and being a bystander · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a pupil witnessed the bullying of a younger child without intervening. Select the response consistent with the established facts. Exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Fights, racism and being a bystander» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragm
---

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# Exam question 3 · Fights, racism and being a bystander

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a pupil witnessed the bullying of a younger child without intervening. Select the response consistent with the established facts.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** pupil, younger child, you · **What happens:** give, witness, intervene, select, establish · **To what, where:** It, bullying, response

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Fights, racism and being a bystander» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/reflection/20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a pupil witnessed the bullying of a younger child without intervening.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander:e3:1
# text = It is given that a pupil witnessed the bullying of a younger child without intervening.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	witnessed	witness	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	intervening	intervene	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **witness** | past | a pupil | the bullying of a younger child |  |  |  |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bullying=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **intervene** | gerund | a younger child *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Select the response consistent with the established facts.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander:e3:2
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Inaction confers complete freedom from any concern

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander:e3:o1:1
# text = Inaction confers complete freedom from any concern
1	Inaction	inaction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	confers	confer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	concern	concern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confer** | present | Inaction | complete freedom |  | any concern |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Subsequent disclosure to a teacher remains of value

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander:e3:o2:1
# text = Subsequent disclosure to a teacher remains of value
1	Subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present | Subsequent disclosure to a teacher |  |  |  |  | of value | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No action is possible once the incident has concluded

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander:e3:o3:1
# text = No action is possible once the incident has concluded
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	incident	incident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	concluded	conclude	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | no action |  |  |  |  | possible *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **conclude** | present · perfect · passive |  | the incident |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The witness is obliged to join in the bullying

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander:e3:o4:1
# text = The witness is obliged to join in the bullying
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | present · passive |  | the witness |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **join** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | in the bullying | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in bullying=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Fights, racism and being a bystander, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander/e2/)
- next →: [Fights, racism and being a bystander, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Fights, racism and being a bystander](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/20-fights-racism-and-being-a-bystander/)