---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — I failed: the missed penalty, the lost… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the significance of a single missed penalty in the outcome of a match? Exam question 1 of lesson 24 «I failed: the missed penalty, the lost race, the bad mark» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree 
---

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# Exam question 1 · I failed: the missed penalty, the lost race, the bad mark

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the significance of a single missed penalty in the outcome of a match?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, miss · **To what, where:** significance

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 24 «I failed: the missed penalty, the lost race, the bad mark» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/reflection/24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the significance of a single missed penalty in the outcome of a match?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	significance	significance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	missed	miss	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	outcome	outcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the significance of a single missed penalty in the outcome of a match |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **miss** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The result is determined solely by the final penalty taken

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark:e1:o1:1
# text = The result is determined solely by the final penalty taken
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	determined	determine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | present · passive | the final penalty | the result |  |  |  | solely *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 2 | **take** | participle |  | the final penalty *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The penalty taker bears sole responsibility for any defeat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark:e1:o2:1
# text = The penalty taker bears sole responsibility for any defeat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	penalty	penalty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
3	taker	taker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	list	_	_
5	sole	sole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	defeat	defeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The result is determined by the entire match and the entire team

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark:e1:o3:1
# text = The result is determined by the entire match and the entire team
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	determined	determine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	entire	entire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	entire	entire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | present · passive | the entire match and the entire team | the result |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A missed penalty precludes any future participation in sport

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark:e1:o4:1
# text = A missed penalty precludes any future participation in sport
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	missed	miss	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	precludes	preclude	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
6	future	future	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	participation	participation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **miss** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **preclude** | present | a missed penalty | any future participation |  | sport |  |  | vn exclude-107.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent participation=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [I failed: the missed penalty, the lost race, the bad mark](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark/)