---
title: Ethan's cousin from Johannesburg says, "Now now you lose it, then ju… — Getting through it: who helps, what he… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ethan's cousin from Johannesburg says, "Now now you lose it, then just now you're calm, hey?" ("Now now" means very soon; "just now" means a bit later.) What does Ethan say he has learned? Test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Getting through it: who helps, what helps, and looking back» of the reflection cour
---

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# Test 11 · ★★★ · Getting through it: who helps, what helps, and looking back

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ethan's cousin from Johannesburg says, "Now now you lose it, then just now you're calm, hey?" ("Now now" means very soon; "just now" means a bit later.) What does Ethan say he has learned?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cousin, you, Ethan · **What happens:** say, lose, be, mean, learn · **To what, where:** cousin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Getting through it: who helps, what helps, and looking back» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/reflection/30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ethan's cousin from Johannesburg says, "Now now you lose it, then just now you're calm, hey?"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:1
# text = Ethan's cousin from Johannesburg says, "Now now you lose it, then just now you're calm, hey?"
1	Ethan	Ethan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Johannesburg	Johannesburg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
10	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
16	just	just	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	hey	hey	INTJ	UH	_	20	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | present | Ethan's cousin from Johannesburg |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** *in a quote* | present | you | cousin |  |  | now; now |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  | then; now | calm *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ("Now now" means very soon; "just now" means a bit later.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:2
# text = ("Now now" means very soon; "just now" means a bit later.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	just	just	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
17	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | now | soon *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | now | late *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What does Ethan say he has learned?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:3
# text = What does Ethan say he has learned?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	Ethan	Ethan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | Ethan |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **learn** | present · perfect | Ethan |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anger can only ever be stopped by breaking things until it's gone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:o1:1
# text = Anger can only ever be stopped by breaking things until it's gone
1	Anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	stopped	stop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | can · passive |  | Anger |  |  | ever |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **break** | gerund |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | Anger |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He never gets angry at all any more

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:o2:1
# text = He never gets angry at all any more
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **get** | present | He |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Counsellors make people forget they were angry

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:o3:1
# text = Counsellors make people forget they were angry
1	Counsellors	counsellor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Counsellors | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **forget** | infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | Counsellors *= counsellor* |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He still gets angry, but he's the boss of it now

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:30-getting-through-it-who-helps-what-helps-and-looking-back:t11:o4:1
# text = He still gets angry, but he's the boss of it now
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	boss	boss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	_
13	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | He |  |  |  | still; now | angry *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | present | he | the boss |  |  |  | of boss | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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