---
title: Which of the following is NOT a thinking trap? — Olympiad: thinking traps and what help… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following is NOT a thinking trap? Exam question 4 of lesson 32 «Olympiad: thinking traps and what helps first ★★★» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Olympiad: thinking traps and what helps first ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following is NOT a thinking trap?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, think, not be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 32 «Olympiad: thinking traps and what helps first ★★★» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/reflection/32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first:e4:1
# text = Which of the following is NOT a thinking trap?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	case	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	NOT	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	trap	trap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the thinking trap | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The belief that a single error proves total incompetence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first:e4:o1:1
# text = The belief that a single error proves total incompetence
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	acl	_	_
7	proves	prove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	incompetence	incompetence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present | the belief | total incompetence |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent incompetence=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sorrow at a grandparent's death, months after the event

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first:e4:o2:1
# text = Sorrow at a grandparent's death, months after the event
1	Sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	grandparent	grandparent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** |  | a grandparent |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The conviction that one will fail every future examination

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first:e4:o3:1
# text = The conviction that one will fail every future examination
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	conviction	conviction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	future	future	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	examination	examination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | future | one | every future examination |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent examination=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The assertion that nobody will ever befriend one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first:e4:o4:1
# text = The assertion that nobody will ever befriend one
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	assertion	assertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obj	_	_
4	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	nsubj	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	7	advmod	_	_
7	befriend	befriend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **befriend** | future | nobody | the assertion |  |  | ever |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Olympiad: thinking traps and what help…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first/e3/)
- next →: [Creation: God the maker, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/1-creation-god-the-maker/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Olympiad: thinking traps and what helps first ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/32-olympiad-thinking-traps-and-what-helps-first/)