---
title: "If it's not against the rules, it's fair, no cap," says Max, who sa… — Olympiad: fair or unfair, chains of re… · tree and pragmatics
description: "If it's not against the rules, it's fair, no cap," says Max, who sat on the ball so nobody else could play. What's the flaw? Test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 103 «Olympiad: fair or unfair, chains of reasons and dilemmas ★★★» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree an
---

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# Test 10 · ★★★ · Olympiad: fair or unfair, chains of reasons and dilemmas ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"If it's not against the rules, it's fair, no cap," says Max, who sat on the ball so nobody else could play. What's the flaw?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** it, rules, Max, nobody, flaw · **What happens:** not be, be, say, sit, play · **To what, where:** ball · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 103 «Olympiad: fair or unfair, chains of reasons and dilemmas ★★★» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* "If it's not against the rules, it's fair, no cap," says Max, who sat on the ball so nobody else could play.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas:t10:1
# text = "If it's not against the rules, it's fair, no cap," says Max, who sat on the ball so nobody else could play.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
18	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	Max	Max	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
27	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	30	nsubj	_	_
28	else	else	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | it |  |  |  |  | against the rules | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the rules |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Max |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sit** | past | Max |  |  | the ball |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ball=Location |
| 5 | **play** | could | nobody |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's the flaw?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas:t10:2
# text = What's the flaw?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	flaw	flaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the flaw |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something can break no rule and still be unfair, like hogging the ball so others can't play

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas:t10:o1:1
# text = Something can break no rule and still be unfair, like hogging the ball so others can't play
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
9	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	hogging	hog	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
17	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | can | Something | no rule |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rule=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | Something *not said here* |  |  |  | still | unfair *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hog** | gerund | Something *not said here* | the ball |  |  |  |  | vn berry-13.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Location |
| 4 | **not** **play** | can | others |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He's right: anything that is allowed by the rules is fair, so sitting on the ball is fine as well

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas:t10:o2:1
# text = He's right: anything that is allowed by the rules is fair, so sitting on the ball is fine as well
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	nsubj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
16	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	csubj	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
22	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADV	21	advmod	_	_
23	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	fixed	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **allow** | present · passive | the rules |  |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **is** | present | anything |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **sit** | gerund |  |  |  | the ball |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ball=Location |
| 5 | **is** | present | sitting |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fairness only matters in board games

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas:t10:o3:1
# text = Fairness only matters in board games
1	Fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	matters	matter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **matter** | present | Fairness |  |  | board games |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sitting on a ball is always against the rules

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas:t10:o4:1
# text = Sitting on a ball is always against the rules
1	Sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | gerund |  |  |  | a ball |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ball=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | Sitting |  |  |  |  | against the rules; always *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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