---
title: A boy at Sunday school says, «Being salt and light means showing off… — The Sermon on the Mount · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy at Sunday school says, «Being salt and light means showing off how good you are.» What is right? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 17 «The Sermon on the Mount» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice 
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · The Sermon on the Mount

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy at Sunday school says, «Being salt and light means showing off how good you are.» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** boy, salt, you · **What happens:** say, be, mean, show off · **To what, where:** salt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 17 «The Sermon on the Mount» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/17-the-sermon-on-the-mount/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy at Sunday school says, «Being salt and light means showing off how good you are.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:17-the-sermon-on-the-mount:t8:1
# text = A boy at Sunday school says, «Being salt and light means showing off how good you are.»
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
10	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
14	showing	show	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	xcomp	_	_
15	off	off	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
17	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	ccomp	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a boy at Sunday school |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | gerund |  | salt and light |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** *in a quote* | present | salt and light |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **show off** *not said to happen, in a quote* | gerund | salt and light *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:17-the-sermon-on-the-mount:t8:2
# text = What is right?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It means staying away from everyone else

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:17-the-sermon-on-the-mount:t8:o1:1
# text = It means staying away from everyone else
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	staying	stay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
7	else	else	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stay away** *not said to happen* | gerund |  |  |  | everyone |  | away *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It means only being good in church

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:17-the-sermon-on-the-mount:t8:o2:1
# text = It means only being good in church
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  | church |  | good *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, the aim is to be praised by people

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:17-the-sermon-on-the-mount:t8:o3:1
# text = Yes, the aim is to be praised by people
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	aim	aim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	praised	praise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **praise** | present · passive | people | the aim |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It means doing good so others give glory to God

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:17-the-sermon-on-the-mount:t8:o4:1
# text = It means doing good so others give glory to God
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | gerund |  | good |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality |
| 3 | **give** | present | others | glory | God |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent glory=Theme to god=Recipient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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