---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — What Christians believe: prayer, forgi… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Christian conception of grace? Exam question 1 of lesson 22 «What Christians believe: prayer, forgiveness, grace and heaven» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the ques
---

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# Exam question 1 · What Christians believe: prayer, forgiveness, grace and he…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Christian conception of grace?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, conceive · **To what, where:** Christian conception, grace

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 22 «What Christians believe: prayer, forgiveness, grace and heaven» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Christian conception of grace?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	conception	conception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	grace	grace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the Christian conception of grace |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **conceive** |  |  | grace |  |  |  |  | nom conception «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An entitlement acquired through regular attendance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven:e1:o1:1
# text = An entitlement acquired through regular attendance
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	entitlement	entitlement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	acquired	acquire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	attendance	attendance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **acquire** | participle |  | a entitlement *not said here* |  | regular attendance |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A formal blessing pronounced exclusively at mealtimes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven:e1:o2:1
# text = A formal blessing pronounced exclusively at mealtimes
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	blessing	blessing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pronounced	pronounce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mealtimes	mealtime	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pronounce** | past | a formal blessing |  |  | mealtimes |  | exclusively *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The love and assistance of God bestowed freely and unmerited

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven:e1:o3:1
# text = The love and assistance of God bestowed freely and unmerited
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	bestowed	bestow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	unmerited	unmerited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bestow** | past | the love and assistance of God |  |  |  |  | freely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **assist** |  |  | God |  |  |  |  | nom assistance «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A recompense accorded in proportion to good conduct

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven:e1:o4:1
# text = A recompense accorded in proportion to good conduct
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recompense	recompense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	accorded	accord	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	proportion	proportion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | participle |  | a recompense *not said here* |  | proportion |  | to good conduct *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to conduct=Goal |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [What Christians believe: prayer, forgiveness, grace and heaven](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven/)