---
title: The judge asks: "Why might a calendar teach faith better than one le… — The church year · tree and pragmatics
description: The judge asks: "Why might a calendar teach faith better than one lesson?" Test 11 of lesson 26 «The church year» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · The church year

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge asks: "Why might a calendar teach faith better than one lesson?"

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** judge · **What happens:** ask

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 26 «The church year» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/26-the-church-year/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:26-the-church-year:t11:1
# text = The judge asks: "Why might a calendar teach faith better than one lesson?"
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asks	ask	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
7	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	calendar	calendar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	teach	teach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	parataxis	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | the judge |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each season repeats the story and its lessons every year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:26-the-church-year:t11:o1:1
# text = Each season repeats the story and its lessons every year
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	repeats	repeat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repeat** | present | each season | the story and its lessons |  |  | year |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children only learn things that happen in winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:26-the-church-year:t11:o2:1
# text = Children only learn things that happen in winter
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	happen	happen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present | Children | things |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |
| 2 | **happen** | present | things |  |  |  | winter |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lessons are forbidden in church, so calendars replace them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:26-the-church-year:t11:o3:1
# text = Lessons are forbidden in church, so calendars replace them
1	Lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	forbidden	forbid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	calendars	calendar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	replace	replace	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forbid** | present · passive |  | Lessons |  | church |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **replace** | present | calendars | Lessons *= lesson* |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A calendar has pictures, which are always better than words

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:26-the-church-year:t11:o4:1
# text = A calendar has pictures, which are always better than words
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	calendar	calendar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
9	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	parataxis	_	_
10	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a calendar | pictures |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | pictures |  |  |  |  | than words; always, good *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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