---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Islam · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Muslim understanding of the Qur'an? Exam question 1 of lesson 31 «Islam» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Islam

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Muslim understanding of the Qur'an?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, understand · **To what, where:** Muslim understanding, Qur'an

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 31 «Islam» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/31-islam/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:31-islam:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Muslim understanding of the Qur'an?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Muslim	Muslim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	understanding	understanding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Qur'an	Qur'an	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the Muslim understanding of the Qur'an |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **understand** |  |  | the Qur'an |  |  |  |  | nom understanding «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is held to be a book of laws devised by the imams

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:31-islam:e1:o1:1
# text = It is held to be a book of laws devised by the imams
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	devised	devise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	imams	imam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a book |  |  |  | of laws | tree rules |
| 3 | **devise** | participle |  | laws *not said here* |  |  |  | by the imams | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is held to be a history of the Arab peoples composed by scholars

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:31-islam:e1:o2:1
# text = It is held to be a history of the Arab peoples composed by scholars
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Arab	Arab	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	scholars	scholar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a history |  |  |  | of the Arab peoples | tree rules |
| 3 | **compose** | participle |  | the Arab peoples *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is held to be the word of God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:31-islam:e1:o3:1
# text = It is held to be the word of God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	revealed	reveal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Prophet	Prophet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Muhammad	Muhammad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | the word |  |  |  | of God | tree rules |
| 3 | **reveal** | participle |  | the word *not said here* | the Prophet Muhammad |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to muhammad=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is held to be a collection of the sayings of Jesus

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:31-islam:e1:o4:1
# text = It is held to be a collection of the sayings of Jesus
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	collection	collection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sayings	saying	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a collection |  |  |  | of the sayings of Jesus | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** |  |  | Jesus |  |  |  |  | nom saying «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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