---
title: Ascertain which of the following constitutes an example of owning up. — Virtues: courage, responsibility, righ… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain which of the following constitutes an example of owning up. Exam question 4 of lesson 35 «Virtues: courage, responsibility, rights and duties» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 4 · Virtues: courage, responsibility, rights and duties

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain which of the following constitutes an example of owning up.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, follow, be, own up

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 35 «Virtues: courage, responsibility, rights and duties» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/35-courage-responsibility-rights-and-duties/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:35-courage-responsibility-rights-and-duties:e4:1
# text = Ascertain which of the following constitutes an example of owning up.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	case	_	_
6	constitutes	constitute	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	owning	own	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the example | tree rules |
| 4 | **own up** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pupil admitting to a teacher that he broke a ruler

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:35-courage-responsibility-rights-and-duties:e4:o1:1
# text = A pupil admitting to a teacher that he broke a ruler
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	admitting	admit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **admit** *speech: other* | gerund | a pupil *not said here* |  | a teacher |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to teacher=Recipient |
| 2 | **break** | past | a pupil | a ruler |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ruler=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pupil purchasing a new ruler in secret

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:35-courage-responsibility-rights-and-duties:e4:o2:1
# text = A pupil purchasing a new ruler in secret
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	purchasing	purchase	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **purchase** | gerund | a pupil *not said here* | a new ruler |  | secret |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ruler=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pupil concealing the pieces of a broken ruler

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:35-courage-responsibility-rights-and-duties:e4:o3:1
# text = A pupil concealing the pieces of a broken ruler
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	concealing	conceal	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conceal** | gerund | a pupil *not said here* | the pieces of a broken ruler |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Patient |
| 2 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pupil reporting to the teacher that another pupil broke a ruler

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:35-courage-responsibility-rights-and-duties:e4:o4:1
# text = A pupil reporting to the teacher that another pupil broke a ruler
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	reporting	report	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | gerund | a pupil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the teacher and another pupil | vn subordinate-95.2.1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to teacher=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **pupil** |  | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** | past | a pupil | a ruler |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ruler=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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