---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Three ways of thinking: rules, consequ… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the approach designated "deontology"? Exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Three ways of thinking: rules, consequences, character» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Three ways of thinking: rules, consequences, character

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the approach designated "deontology"?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** approach · **What happens:** follow, characteris, designate · **To what, where:** approach, deontology

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Three ways of thinking: rules, consequences, character» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/37-rules-consequences-character/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the approach designated "deontology"?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	approach	approach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	designated	designate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	deontology	deontology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the approach |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **designate** | participle | the approach *not said here* | deontology |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deontology=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Certain actions are right or wrong in themselves, irrespective of outcome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:e1:o1:1
# text = Certain actions are right or wrong in themselves, irrespective of outcome
1	Certain	certain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	actions	action	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	outcome	outcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Certain actions |  |  |  |  | in actions *= action*; right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Certain actions *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rightness of an action is determined solely by its results

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:e1:o2:1
# text = The rightness of an action is determined solely by its results
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rightness	rightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	determined	determine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | present · passive | rightness's results | the rightness of a action |  |  |  | solely *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 2 | **result** |  | rightness |  |  |  |  |  | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rightness of an action is determined by popular approval

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:e1:o3:1
# text = The rightness of an action is determined by popular approval
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rightness	rightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	determined	determine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | present · passive | popular approval | the rightness of a action |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No action is in itself either right or wrong

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:e1:o4:1
# text = No action is in itself either right or wrong
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	_
6	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	7	advmod	_	_
7	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | no action |  |  |  |  | either, right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | no action *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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