---
title: Which is true? — Three ways of thinking: rules, consequ… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which is true? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 37 «Three ways of thinking: rules, consequences, character» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · Three ways of thinking: rules, consequences, character

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** be

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This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 37 «Three ways of thinking: rules, consequences, character» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/37-rules-consequences-character/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:t9:1
# text = Which is true?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Virtues come only from luck and cannot be learned

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:t9:o1:1
# text = Virtues come only from luck and cannot be learned
1	Virtues	virtue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Virtues |  |  | luck |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from luck=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **not** **learn** | can · passive | Virtues *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V» |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A single kind act makes a person kind for ever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:t9:o2:1
# text = A single kind act makes a person kind for ever
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a single kind act | a person kind |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent kind=Product for ever=Asset |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Virtues and vices both grow by being practised

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:t9:o3:1
# text = Virtues and vices both grow by being practised
1	Virtues	virtue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	vices	vice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	both	both	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	practised	practise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Virtues and vices |  |  |  |  | both *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **practise** | gerund · passive | Virtues and vices *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vices disappear by themselves when we grow up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:37-rules-consequences-character:t9:o4:1
# text = Vices disappear by themselves when we grow up
1	Vices	vice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	disappear	disappear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disappear** | present | Vices |  |  |  |  | by Vices *= vice* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grow up** | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Three ways of thinking: rules, consequ…, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/37-rules-consequences-character/t8/)
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