---
title: Ollie says kids should be allowed phones in class. Which is the best… — How to argue: reasons and evidence · tree and pragmatics
description: Ollie says kids should be allowed phones in class. Which is the best evidence to ask for? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 39 «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · How to argue: reasons and evidence

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ollie says kids should be allowed phones in class. Which is the best evidence to ask for?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Ollie · **What happens:** say, allow, be, ask · **To what, where:** kids, class, best evidence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 39 «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ollie says kids should be allowed phones in class.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t4:1
# text = Ollie says kids should be allowed phones in class.
1	Ollie	Ollie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
7	phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Ollie |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **allow** | should · passive |  | kids |  | class |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal phone=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is the best evidence to ask for?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t4:2
# text = Which is the best evidence to ask for?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the best evidence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whether Ollie's phone is newer and better than everyone else's

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t4:o1:1
# text = Whether Ollie's phone is newer and better than everyone else's
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	Ollie	Ollie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	newer	new	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	conj	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	_
11	else	else	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Ollie's phone |  |  |  |  | than everyone; new *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Ollie's phone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What happened in schools that tried it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t4:o2:1
# text = What happened in schools that tried it
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	tried	try	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past |  |  |  | schools |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in school=Location |
| 2 | **try** | past | schools | it |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many people in the class like Ollie and agree with him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t4:o3:1
# text = How many people in the class like Ollie and agree with him
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Ollie	Ollie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	agree	agree	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **agree** *speech: agree* | infinitive | many people in the class |  |  |  |  | like Ollie; with Ollie | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with he=Co-Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whether phones were invented before or after Ollie was born

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t4:o4:1
# text = Whether phones were invented before or after Ollie was born
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	5	conj	_	_
8	Ollie	Ollie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past · passive |  | phones |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **bear** | past · passive |  |  |  |  | before Ollie |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [How to argue: reasons and evidence, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/t3/)
- next →: [How to argue: reasons and evidence, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/t5/)
- ↑ back to [How to argue: reasons and evidence](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/)