---
title: You said it's fine to keep money you find. A judge asks: "What if yo… — How to argue: reasons and evidence · tree and pragmatics
description: You said it's fine to keep money you find. A judge asks: "What if you saw who dropped it?" Why is this a good question? Test 5 · ★★ of lesson 39 «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Test 5 · ★★ · How to argue: reasons and evidence

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You said it's fine to keep money you find. A judge asks: "What if you saw who dropped it?" Why is this a good question?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** You, judge, this · **What happens:** say, be, keep, find, ask, see · **To what, where:** money, judge, good question · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 39 «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* You said it's fine to keep money you find.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:1
# text = You said it's fine to keep money you find.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
8	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | money |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |
| 4 | **find** | present | you | money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A judge asks: "What if you saw who dropped it?"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:2
# text = A judge asks: "What if you saw who dropped it?"
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asks	ask	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | a judge |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | past | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **drop** *in a quote* | past |  | judge |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Why is this a good question?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:3
# text = Why is this a good question?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this | a good question |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a bad question, because judges should not add new details

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:o1:1
# text = It is a bad question, because judges should not add new details
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
9	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	add	add	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	details	detail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a bad question |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **add** *speech: assert* | should | judges | new details |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent detail=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It changes one detail to test what really matters in your answer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:o2:1
# text = It changes one detail to test what really matters in your answer
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	detail	detail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	test	test	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	nsubj	_	_
8	really	really	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	matters	matter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | It | one detail |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent detail=Patient |
| 2 | **test** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **matter** | present |  |  |  | your answer |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a trick to make you look foolish, so you should ignore it

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:o3:1
# text = It is a trick to make you look foolish, so you should ignore it
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	ignore	ignore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a trick |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **look** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | foolish *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **ignore** | should | you | trick |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It changes the whole case, so your first answer no longer counts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence:t5:o4:1
# text = It changes the whole case, so your first answer no longer counts
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	no	no	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	counts	count	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | It | the whole case |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Patient |
| 2 | **count** | present | your first answer |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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