---
title: Zayd, who is Muslim, thinks differently from you about a case. What… — How to argue: counter-arguments and re… · tree and pragmatics
description: Zayd, who is Muslim, thinks differently from you about a case. What is the best way to finish the discussion? Test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Test 3 · ★★★ · How to argue: counter-arguments and respect

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zayd, who is Muslim, thinks differently from you about a case. What is the best way to finish the discussion?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Zayd, best way · **What happens:** be, think, finish · **To what, where:** discussion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Zayd, who is Muslim, thinks differently from you about a case.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t3:1
# text = Zayd, who is Muslim, thinks differently from you about a case.
1	Zayd	Zayd	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Muslim	Muslim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	thinks	think	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	differently	differently	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Zayd |  |  |  |  | muslim *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | Zayd |  |  |  |  | from you; about a case; differently *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about case=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the best way to finish the discussion?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t3:2
# text = What is the best way to finish the discussion?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	discussion	discussion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the best way |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **finish** | to-infinitive | the best way *not said here* | the discussion |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality discussion=Eventuality |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Walk off and refuse to talk to him again for the rest of the day

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t3:o1:1
# text = Walk off and refuse to talk to him again for the rest of the day
1	Walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk off** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **refuse** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **talk** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  | him *= he* |  | again | for the rest of the day | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep repeating your view louder until he finally agrees with you

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t3:o2:1
# text = Keep repeating your view louder until he finally agrees with you
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	repeating	repeat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	louder	loud	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	xcomp	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	agrees	agree	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | loud *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **repeat** | gerund | you *not said here* | your view |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Eventuality |
| 3 | **agree** *speech: agree* | present | he |  |  |  |  | with you; finally *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with you=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **view** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sum up both views, note what you agree on, and agree to disagree kindly

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t3:o3:1
# text = Sum up both views, note what you agree on, and agree to disagree kindly
1	Sum	sum	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	views	view	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	note	note	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	obj	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	agree	agree	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	on	on	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	agree	agree	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	disagree	disagree	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sum up** | imperative | you *not said here* | both views |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Topic |
| 2 | **note** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 3 | **agree** *speech: agree* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **agree** *speech: agree* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **disagree** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tell him his religion is the only reason he got the answer wrong in the first place

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t3:o4:1
# text = Tell him his religion is the only reason he got the answer wrong in the first place
1	Tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	csubj	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	iobj	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	17	amod	_	_
17	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive |  | his religion | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient religion=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the only reason |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | past | he | the answer |  | the first place |  | wrong *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer answer=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [How to argue: counter-arguments and re…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/t2/)
- next →: [How to argue: counter-arguments and re…, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/t4/)
- ↑ back to [How to argue: counter-arguments and respect](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/)