---
title: The other team says: "School should start later because tired childr… — How to argue: counter-arguments and re… · tree and pragmatics
description: The other team says: "School should start later because tired children learn worse." You disagree. What should you do first? Test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the 
---

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# Test 4 · ★★★ · How to argue: counter-arguments and respect

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The other team says: "School should start later because tired children learn worse." You disagree. What should you do first?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** other team, School, tired children, You · **What happens:** say, start, learn, disagree, do · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The other team says: "School should start later because tired children learn worse."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:1
# text = The other team says: "School should start later because tired children learn worse."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	School	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
11	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
15	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the other team |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **start** *in a quote* | should | School |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **learn** *in a quote* | present | tired children |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You disagree.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:2
# text = You disagree.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	disagree	disagree	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disagree** | present | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What should you do first?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:3
# text = What should you do first?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | should | you |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ignore their reason and talk about your own view only

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:o1:1
# text = Ignore their reason and talk about your own view only
1	Ignore	ignore	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	talk	talk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ignore** | imperative | you *not said here* | their reason |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **talk** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about your own view | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about view=Topic |
| 3 | **view** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Say they just want to stay in bed because they are lazy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:o2:1
# text = Say they just want to stay in bed because they are lazy
1	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **want** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **stay** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | they *not said here* |  |  | bed |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bed=Location |
| 4 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | lazy *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Say their point fairly in its strongest form, then reply

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:o3:1
# text = Say their point fairly in its strongest form, then reply
1	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	fairly	fairly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
11	reply	reply	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | their point |  | point's strongest form |  | fairly *property* | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent point=Theme in form=Manner |
| 2 | **reply** *speech: assert* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **point** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **form** |  | point |  |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Say "No it shouldn't" and wait for the judges to decide

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect:t4:o4:1
# text = Say "No it shouldn't" and wait for the judges to decide
1	Say	Say	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	decide	decide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | should | Say |  |  |  |  | for the judges | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **decide** | to-infinitive | Say *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [How to argue: counter-arguments and respect](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/)