---
title: Given that excess change has been tendered in error by a shopkeeper,… — Finders keepers and what belongs to whom · tree and pragmatics
description: Given that excess change has been tendered in error by a shopkeeper, identify the course of action most consistent with the commandment "You shall not steal". Exam question 2 of lesson 42 «Finders keepers and what belongs to whom» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the depe
---

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# Exam question 2 · Finders keepers and what belongs to whom

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Given that excess change has been tendered in error by a shopkeeper, identify the course of action most consistent with the commandment "You shall not steal".

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** shopkeeper, You · **What happens:** give, tender, identify, not steal · **To what, where:** error, course

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 42 «Finders keepers and what belongs to whom» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom:e2:1
# text = Given that excess change has been tendered in error by a shopkeeper, identify the course of action most consistent with the commandment "You shall not steal".
1	Given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	excess	excess	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	tendered	tender	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shopkeeper	shopkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	identify	identify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	20	advmod	_	_
20	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	commandment	commandment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	steal	steal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **tender** | present · perfect · passive | a shopkeeper |  |  | error |  | give that excess change | tree rules |
| 3 | **identify** | infinitive | a shopkeeper *not said here* | the course of action |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent course=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **steal** *in a quote* | shall | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Retention of the excess sum pending a further purchase

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom:e2:o1:1
# text = Retention of the excess sum pending a further purchase
1	Retention	retention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	excess	excess	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	pending	pend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pend** | gerund | Retention of the excess sum *not said here* | a further purchase |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **retain** |  |  | the excess sum |  |  |  |  | nom retention «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Retention of the excess sum, the error being solely the shopkeeper's

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom:e2:o2:1
# text = Retention of the excess sum, the error being solely the shopkeeper's
1	Retention	retention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	excess	excess	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	cop	_	_
10	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shopkeeper	shopkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | the error |  |  |  |  | 's the shopkeeper; solely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **retain** |  |  | the excess sum |  |  |  |  | nom retention «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Restitution of the excess sum to the shopkeeper without delay

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom:e2:o3:1
# text = Restitution of the excess sum to the shopkeeper without delay
1	Restitution	restitution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	excess	excess	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shopkeeper	shopkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	delay	delay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **restitute** |  |  | the excess sum to the shopkeeper without delay |  |  |  |  | nom restitution «possession transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Donation of the excess sum to a third party of the finder's choosing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom:e2:o4:1
# text = Donation of the excess sum to a third party of the finder's choosing
1	Donation	donation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	excess	excess	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	finder	finder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | gerund | Donation of the excess sum to a third party of the finder *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **donate** |  |  | the excess sum to a third party of the finder |  |  |  |  | nom donation «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Finders keepers and what belongs to whom, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom/e1/)
- next →: [Finders keepers and what belongs to whom, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Finders keepers and what belongs to whom](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom/)