---
title: Which of the following most accurately characterises the procedure w… — Sharing and fairness · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately characterises the procedure whereby one party divides an item and the other selects a portion? Exam question 1 of lesson 43 «Sharing and fairness» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an
---

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# Exam question 1 · Sharing and fairness

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately characterises the procedure whereby one party divides an item and the other selects a portion?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** one party, other · **What happens:** follow, characteris, divide, select · **To what, where:** procedure, item, portion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 43 «Sharing and fairness» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/43-sharing-and-fairness/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:43-sharing-and-fairness:e1:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately characterises the procedure whereby one party divides an item and the other selects a portion?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	procedure	procedure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	whereby	whereby	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	divides	divide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nsubj	_	_
19	selects	select	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the procedure |  |  |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **divide** | present | one party | a item |  |  |  | whereby *property* | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent item=Theme |
| 4 | **select** | present | the other | a portion |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent portion=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A method of division permissible solely between persons of identical age

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:43-sharing-and-fairness:e1:o1:1
# text = A method of division permissible solely between persons of identical age
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	permissible	permissible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	identical	identical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A method of division which confers the larger portion upon the divider invariably

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:43-sharing-and-fairness:e1:o2:1
# text = A method of division which confers the larger portion upon the divider invariably
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	confers	confer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	divider	divider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confer** | present | a method of division | the larger portion |  |  |  | upon the divider; invariably *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A method of division wherein the selector is compelled to accept the nearer portion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:43-sharing-and-fairness:e1:o3:1
# text = A method of division wherein the selector is compelled to accept the nearer portion
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	selector	selector	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	compelled	compel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	accept	accept	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	nearer	near	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compel** | present · passive |  | a method of division |  |  |  | wherein *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **accept** | to-infinitive |  | the nearer portion |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent portion=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A method of division which secures fairness, the divider being induced to make the portions equal

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:43-sharing-and-fairness:e1:o4:1
# text = A method of division which secures fairness, the divider being induced to make the portions equal
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	secures	secure	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	divider	divider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	induced	induce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	portions	portion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **secure** | present | a method of division | fairness |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fairness=Theme |
| 2 | **induce** | gerund · passive |  | a method of division |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | the portions |  |  |  | equal *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset portion=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Sharing and fairness, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/43-sharing-and-fairness/t11/)
- next →: [Sharing and fairness, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/43-sharing-and-fairness/e2/)
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