---
title: An Aussie mate says, «Yeah nah, if dinos carked it, we're all next,… — Why living things die, and the circle… · tree and pragmatics
description: An Aussie mate says, «Yeah nah, if dinos carked it, we're all next, heaps soon.» («Carked it» means «died».) What is the calm, true answer? Test 7 · ★ of lesson 53 «Why living things die, and the circle of life in nature» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tr
---

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# Test 7 · ★ · Why living things die, and the circle of life in nature

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An Aussie mate says, «Yeah nah, if dinos carked it, we're all next, heaps soon.» («Carked it» means «died».) What is the calm, true answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Aussie mate, dinos, we, calm true answer · **What happens:** say, cark, be, mean, die · **To what, where:** mate, it · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 53 «Why living things die, and the circle of life in nature» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An Aussie mate says, «Yeah nah, if dinos carked it, we're all next, heaps soon.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:1
# text = An Aussie mate says, «Yeah nah, if dinos carked it, we're all next, heaps soon.»
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Aussie	aussie	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Yeah	yeah	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
8	nah	nah	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	dinos	dino	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	carked	cark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	all	all	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	next	next	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
21	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a Aussie mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cark** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | past | dinos | mate |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  | all, next *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* («Carked it» means «died».)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:2
# text = («Carked it» means «died».)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Carked	cark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	csubj	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cark** *in a quote* | past |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **die** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What is the calm, true answer?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:3
# text = What is the calm, true answer?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the calm true answer |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People are bigger than dinosaurs, so it is impossible for us to die out

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:o1:1
# text = People are bigger than dinosaurs, so it is impossible for us to die out
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	expl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	csubj	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | People |  |  |  |  | than dinosaurs; big *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | People *not said here* |  |  |  |  | impossible *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **die out** | to-infinitive | us |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs never really died out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:o2:1
# text = Dinosaurs never really died out
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **die out** | past | Dinosaurs |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, it will happen within weeks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:o3:1
# text = He is right, it will happen within weeks
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	within	within	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **happen** | future | it |  |  |  | week |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many kinds have died out, but there is no sign people will soon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:53-why-living-things-die-and-the-circle-of-life:t7:o4:1
# text = Many kinds have died out, but there is no sign people will soon
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
9	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die out** | present · perfect | Many kinds |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **be** | present | no sign |  |  | there |  | soon *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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