---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a bereaved child may believe… — Souls, ghosts and stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a bereaved child may believe herself to have been visited by a deceased relative. Exam question 2 of lesson 74 «Souls, ghosts and stories» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Exam question 2 · Souls, ghosts and stories

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a bereaved child may believe herself to have been visited by a deceased relative.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, bereaved child, deceased relative · **What happens:** identify, believe, visit, decease · **To what, where:** principal reason, child

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 74 «Souls, ghosts and stories» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/74-souls-ghosts-and-stories/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:74-souls-ghosts-and-stories:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a bereaved child may believe herself to have been visited by a deceased relative.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
12	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux	_	_
15	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	visited	visit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	deceased	decease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	relative	relative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **believe** | may | a bereaved child | child |  |  |  | for the principal reason | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer herself=Stimulus for which=Attribute |
| 3 | **visit** | to-infinitive · perfect · passive | a deceased relative |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **decease** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dreams and feelings of nearness commonly accompany grief

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:74-souls-ghosts-and-stories:e2:o1:1
# text = Dreams and feelings of nearness commonly accompany grief
1	Dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	nearness	nearness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	accompany	accompany	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accompany** | present | Dreams of nearness and feelings | grief |  |  |  | commonly *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grief=Theme |
| 2 | **dream** |  |  | nearness |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The child has deliberately fabricated the occurrence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:74-souls-ghosts-and-stories:e2:o2:1
# text = The child has deliberately fabricated the occurrence
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	deliberately	deliberately	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	fabricated	fabricate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fabricate** | present · perfect · passive |  | the child |  |  |  | deliberately *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The deceased are compelled to return to their former homes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:74-souls-ghosts-and-stories:e2:o3:1
# text = The deceased are compelled to return to their former homes
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	deceased	decease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	compelled	compel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	homes	home	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decease** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **compel** | present · passive |  | The |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 3 | **return** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to their former homes *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to home=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Such visits are the ordinary consequence of a funeral

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:74-souls-ghosts-and-stories:e2:o4:1
# text = Such visits are the ordinary consequence of a funeral
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	visits	visit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Such visits | the ordinary consequence |  |  |  | of a funeral | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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