---
title: «why should the farm leave food on the edge, that's their money inni… — Ruth, and David and Goliath · tree and pragmatics
description: «why should the farm leave food on the edge, that's their money innit». What is the idea of gleaning? Test 3 of lesson 8 «Ruth, and David and Goliath» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was
---

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# Test 3 · Ruth, and David and Goliath

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why should the farm leave food on the edge, that's their money innit». What is the idea of gleaning?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** farm, that, idea · **What happens:** leave, be, innit, glean · **To what, where:** food, edge, money

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 8 «Ruth, and David and Goliath» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «why should the farm leave food on the edge, that's their money innit».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath:t3:1
# text = «why should the farm leave food on the edge, that's their money innit».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
16	innit	innit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** *in a quote* | should | the farm | food |  | the edge |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent food=Theme on edge=Location |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | that | their money |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **innit** *in a quote* | participle |  | their money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the idea of gleaning?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath:t3:2
# text = What is the idea of gleaning?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	gleaning	glean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the idea |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **glean** | gerund | the idea *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The edges were full of bad grain that nobody wanted to eat anyway

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath:t3:o1:1
# text = The edges were full of bad grain that nobody wanted to eat anyway
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	_
10	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	anyway	anyway	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the edges |  |  |  |  | of bad grain; full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **want** | past | bad grain |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | bad grain *not said here* |  |  |  |  | anyway *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a trick to catch thieves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath:t3:o2:1
# text = It was a trick to catch thieves
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	thieves	thief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a trick |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **catch** | to-infinitive |  | thieves |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Farmers were too lazy to finish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath:t3:o3:1
# text = Farmers were too lazy to finish
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Farmers |  |  |  |  | lazy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **finish** | to-infinitive | Farmers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaving something for people in need is built-in fairness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:8-ruth-and-david-and-goliath:t3:o4:1
# text = Leaving something for people in need is built-in fairness
1	Leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	csubj:pass	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	need	need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  | for people in need | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent something=Theme for people=Recipient |
| 2 | **build** | present · passive | Leaving |  |  |  |  | in fairness | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: in fairness=Attribute |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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