---
title: Given that a promise has been broken in consequence of a genuine eme… — Keeping promises · tree and pragmatics
description: Given that a promise has been broken in consequence of a genuine emergency, identify the statement consistent with this lesson. Exam question 2 of lesson 86 «Keeping promises» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Keeping promises

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Given that a promise has been broken in consequence of a genuine emergency, identify the statement consistent with this lesson.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, break, identify · **To what, where:** promise, consequence, statement

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 86 «Keeping promises» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/86-keeping-promises/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:86-keeping-promises:e2:1
# text = Given that a promise has been broken in consequence of a genuine emergency, identify the statement consistent with this lesson.
1	Given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	mark	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	emergency	emergency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
15	identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **break** | present · perfect · passive |  | a promise |  | consequence of a genuine emergency |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the statement |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent statement=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The breach requires neither explanation nor apology

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:86-keeping-promises:e2:o1:1
# text = The breach requires neither explanation nor apology
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	5	cc:preconj	_	_
5	explanation	explanation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	7	cc	_	_
7	apology	apology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | the breach | explanation nor apology |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme explanation=Precondition |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The breach constitutes a deliberate falsehood of the gravest kind

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:86-keeping-promises:e2:o2:1
# text = The breach constitutes a deliberate falsehood of the gravest kind
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	gravest	grave	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | the breach | a deliberate falsehood of the gravest kind |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme falsehood=Pivot |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The breach releases the promisor from all future obligations

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:86-keeping-promises:e2:o3:1
# text = The breach releases the promisor from all future obligations
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	releases	release	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	promisor	promisor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	future	future	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	obligations	obligation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **release** | present | the breach | the promisor |  | all future obligations |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer promisor=Source |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The breach does not constitute a falsehood, though an apology and recompense are owed

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:86-keeping-promises:e2:o4:1
# text = The breach does not constitute a falsehood, though an apology and recompense are owed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	constitute	constitute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	apology	apology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	recompense	recompense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	owed	owe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **constitute** | present · do-support | the breach | a falsehood |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme falsehood=Pivot |
| 2 | **owe** | present · passive |  | a apology and recompense |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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