---
title: Which of the following most accurately characterises the principal h… — Cheating at school: copying and peeking · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately characterises the principal harm occasioned by the copying of homework? Exam question 1 of lesson 92 «Cheating at school: copying and peeking» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 1 · Cheating at school: copying and peeking

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately characterises the principal harm occasioned by the copying of homework?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, occasion, copy · **To what, where:** principal harm, homework

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 92 «Cheating at school: copying and peeking» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/92-cheating-at-school-copying-and-peeking/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:92-cheating-at-school-copying-and-peeking:e1:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately characterises the principal harm occasioned by the copying of homework?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	occasioned	occasion	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	copying	copying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the principal harm |  |  |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **occasion** | participle |  | the principal harm *not said here* |  |  |  | by the copying of homework | tree rules |
| 4 | **copy** |  |  | homework |  |  |  |  | nom copying «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pupil whose work is copied is invariably penalised alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:92-cheating-at-school-copying-and-peeking:e1:o1:1
# text = The pupil whose work is copied is invariably penalised alone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	copied	copy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	penalised	penalis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | present · passive |  | work |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **penalis** | present · passive |  | the pupil |  |  |  | alone, invariably *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The copier is deprived of the practice for which homework is intended

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:92-cheating-at-school-copying-and-peeking:e1:o2:1
# text = The copier is deprived of the practice for which homework is intended
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copier	copier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	deprived	deprive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	10	det	_	_
10	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	intended	intend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deprive** | present · passive |  | the copier |  |  |  |  | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Source |
| 2 | **intend** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | of the practice for which homework | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING» |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No harm is occasioned, homework being of no consequence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:92-cheating-at-school-copying-and-peeking:e1:o3:1
# text = No harm is occasioned, homework being of no consequence
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	occasioned	occasion	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occasion** | present · passive |  | no harm |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | homework |  |  |  |  | of no consequence | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher is deprived of an opportunity to mark the work

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:92-cheating-at-school-copying-and-peeking:e1:o4:1
# text = The teacher is deprived of an opportunity to mark the work
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	deprived	deprive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	mark	mark	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deprive** | present · passive |  | the teacher |  |  |  | of a opportunity | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source of opportunity=Theme |
| 2 | **mark** | to-infinitive |  | the work |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent work=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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