---
title: Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid… — Cheating at games and sport · tree and pragmatics
description: Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid off." What is wrong? Test 7 of lesson 93 «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 7 · Cheating at games and sport

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid off." What is wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cousin, Armstrong · **What happens:** say, win, pay off, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 of lesson 93 «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid off."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:93-cheating-at-games-and-sport:t7:1
# text = Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid off."
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Armstrong	Armstrong	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
15	off	off	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Your cousin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **win** *in a quote* | past | Armstrong |  |  |  | still; time |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pay off** *in a quote* | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:93-cheating-at-games-and-sport:t7:2
# text = What is wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing; he kept all his trophies in the end

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:93-cheating-at-games-and-sport:t7:o1:1
# text = Nothing; he kept all his trophies in the end
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	trophies	trophy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | he | Nothing |  |  | in the end |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent trophy=Theme in end=Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He lost all seven titles and his good name; cheats steal from honest riders

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:93-cheating-at-games-and-sport:t7:o2:1
# text = He lost all seven titles and his good name; cheats steal from honest riders
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
4	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	titles	title	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	cheats	cheat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	steal	steal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	riders	rider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | He | all seven titles and his good name |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Eventuality |
| 2 | **steal** | present | cheats |  |  | honest riders |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **name** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doping is allowed in cycling

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:93-cheating-at-games-and-sport:t7:o3:1
# text = Doping is allowed in cycling
1	Doping	doping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cycling	cycling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | present · passive |  | Doping |  | cycling |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was never caught for anything

```conllu
# sent_id = question:religion-ethics:93-cheating-at-games-and-sport:t7:o4:1
# text = He was never caught for anything
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **catch** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | for anything | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for anything=Beneficiary |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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