--- title: Most stars in the galaxy are red dwarfs. Why can't we see any of the… — Stars: what they are · tree and pragmatics description: Most stars in the galaxy are red dwarfs. Why can't we see any of them without a telescope? Test 7 · ★ of lesson 17 «Stars: what they are» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/17-stars-what-they-are/t7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/) / [Stars: what they are](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/17-stars-what-they-are/) / t7 # Test 7 · ★ · Stars: what they are Most stars in the galaxy are red dwarfs. Why can't we see any of them without a telescope? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Most stars, we · **What happens:** be, not see · **To what, where:** red dwarfs, any This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 17 «Stars: what they are» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/17-stars-what-they-are/#t7). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Most stars in the galaxy are red dwarfs. ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:17-stars-what-they-are:t7:1 # text = Most stars in the galaxy are red dwarfs. 1 Most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 2 amod _ _ 2 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 galaxy galaxy NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 dwarfs dwarf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 9 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Most stars in the galaxy | red dwarfs | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Why can't we see any of them without a telescope? ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:17-stars-what-they-are:t7:2 # text = Why can't we see any of them without a telescope? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 2 ca can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 3 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 4 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 5 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod _ _ 9 without without ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 telescope telescope NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ? ? PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **see** | can | we | any | | | | without a telescope | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer any=Stimulus | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} They only shine in the daytime ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:17-stars-what-they-are:t7:o1:1 # text = They only shine in the daytime 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 shine shine VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 daytime daytime NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **shine** | present | They | | | the daytime | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in daytime=Location | ### Option 2 {#o2} They are hidden behind the Sun ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:17-stars-what-they-are:t7:o2:1 # text = They are hidden behind the Sun 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 hidden hide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 behind behind ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hide** | present · passive | | They | | the Sun | | | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient behind sun=Location | ### Option 3 {#o3} They are black and give no light ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:17-stars-what-they-are:t7:o3:1 # text = They are black and give no light 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 6 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 7 det _ _ 7 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | They | | | | | black *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **give** | present | They *not said here* | no light | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme | ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} They are all too dim ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:17-stars-what-they-are:t7:o4:1 # text = They are all too dim 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 all all ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 4 too too ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 dim dim ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | They | | | | | all, dim *property* | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Stars: what they are, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/17-stars-what-they-are/t6/) - next →: [Stars: what they are, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/17-stars-what-they-are/t8/) - ↑ back to [Stars: what they are](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/17-stars-what-they-are/)