---
title: State the approximate age of the Sun as presently established. — How stars live · tree and pragmatics
description: State the approximate age of the Sun as presently established. Exam question 3 of lesson 18 «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 3 · How stars live

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the approximate age of the Sun as presently established.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** establish

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 18 «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/18-how-stars-live/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:18-how-stars-live:e3:1
# text = State the approximate age of the Sun as presently established.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	approximate	approximate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	10	cc	_	_
9	presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Four point six billion years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:18-how-stars-live:e3:o1:1
# text = Four point six billion years
1	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	compound	_	_
4	billion	billion	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One hundred million years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:18-how-stars-live:e3:o2:1
# text = One hundred million years
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	compound	_	_
2	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	compound	_	_
3	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thirteen point eight billion years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:18-how-stars-live:e3:o3:1
# text = Thirteen point eight billion years
1	Thirteen	thirteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	compound	_	_
4	billion	billion	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Six thousand years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:18-how-stars-live:e3:o4:1
# text = Six thousand years
1	Six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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