---
title: In 1054 people saw a star by day where there had been none. Why did… — How stars die · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1054 people saw a star by day where there had been none. Why did they call it a guest star? Test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 19 «How stars die» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 5 · ★★★ · How stars die

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1054 people saw a star by day where there had been none. Why did they call it a guest star?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** people · **What happens:** see, be, call · **To what, where:** star, 1054, none · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 19 «How stars die» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/19-how-stars-die/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In 1054 people saw a star by day where there had been none.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:19-how-stars-die:t5:1
# text = In 1054 people saw a star by day where there had been none.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1054	1054	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	12	expl	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
13	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | people | a star |  | 1054 | day |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer star=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** | participle |  | none |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why did they call it a guest star?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:19-how-stars-die:t5:2
# text = Why did they call it a guest star?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	guest	guest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · do-support | people | star |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It came from another galaxy to visit our sky for a while

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:19-how-stars-die:t5:o1:1
# text = It came from another galaxy to visit our sky for a while
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	galaxy	galaxy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	visit	visit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | It |  |  | another galaxy |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from galaxy=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **visit** | to-infinitive |  | our sky |  |  | while |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Co-Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A guest at a feast saw it first

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:19-how-stars-die:t5:o2:1
# text = A guest at a feast saw it first
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guest	guest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | a guest at a feast | feast |  |  |  | first *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was the Sun's partner star

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:19-how-stars-die:t5:o3:1
# text = It was the Sun's partner star
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	partner	partner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | the Sun's partner star |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It appeared, stayed a while and faded, like a visitor

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:19-how-stars-die:t5:o4:1
# text = It appeared, stayed a while and faded, like a visitor
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	faded	fade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	visitor	visitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | past |  |  |  |  | while |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fade** | past |  |  |  |  |  | like a visitor | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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