---
title: A bicycle pump gets warm when you squeeze air into it. What does thi… — How the Solar System was born · tree and pragmatics
description: A bicycle pump gets warm when you squeeze air into it. What does this help explain? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 2 «How the Solar System was born» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · How the Solar System was born

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bicycle pump gets warm when you squeeze air into it. What does this help explain?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** bicycle pump, you, help · **What happens:** get, squeeze, explain · **To what, where:** air, pump

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 2 «How the Solar System was born» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/2-how-the-solar-system-was-born/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A bicycle pump gets warm when you squeeze air into it.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:2-how-the-solar-system-was-born:t3:1
# text = A bicycle pump gets warm when you squeeze air into it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bicycle	bicycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	squeeze	squeeze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | a bicycle pump |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **squeeze** | present | you | air |  | pump |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent air=Material into it=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What does this help explain?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:2-how-the-solar-system-was-born:t3:2
# text = What does this help explain?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	explain	explain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | this help |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How squeezing gas in the cloud's centre made it hot enough to start the Sun

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:2-how-the-solar-system-was-born:t3:o1:1
# text = How squeezing gas in the cloud's centre made it hot enough to start the Sun
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	squeezing	squeeze	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
3	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squeeze** | gerund |  | gas |  | the cloud's centre |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent gas=Theme in centre=Trajectory |
| 2 | **make** | past | squeezing | gas |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 3 | **start** | to-infinitive | squeezing *not said here* | the Sun |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why the planets spin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:2-how-the-solar-system-was-born:t3:o2:1
# text = Why the planets spin
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spin	spin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spin** | present | the planets |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why Jupiter is striped

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:2-how-the-solar-system-was-born:t3:o3:1
# text = Why Jupiter is striped
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	striped	stripe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stripe** | present · passive |  | Jupiter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why the Moon has craters

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:2-how-the-solar-system-was-born:t3:o4:1
# text = Why the Moon has craters
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	craters	crater	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Moon | craters |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crater=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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