--- title: Why did people before Galileo not know the Milky Way was made of sta… — The Milky Way · tree and pragmatics description: Why did people before Galileo not know the Milky Way was made of stars? Test 11 of lesson 23 «The Milky Way» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/23-the-milky-way/t11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/) / [The Milky Way](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/23-the-milky-way/) / t11 # Test 11 · The Milky Way Why did people before Galileo not know the Milky Way was made of stars? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** people · **What happens:** not know, make · **To what, where:** Milky Way · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 11 of lesson 23 «The Milky Way» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/23-the-milky-way/#t11). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:23-the-milky-way:t11:1 # text = Why did people before Galileo not know the Milky Way was made of stars? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 7 advmod _ _ 2 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 4 before before ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Galileo Galileo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 7 advmod _ _ 7 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 Milky milky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 Way Way PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 ccomp _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ? ? PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | people before Galileo | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **make** | past · passive | | the Milky Way | | | | of stars | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} They thought the faint stars were only planets, not far-off suns ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:23-the-milky-way:t11:o1:1 # text = They thought the faint stars were only planets, not far-off suns 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 faint faint ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 6 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 planets planet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 11 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 14 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 12 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 13 off off NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 suns sun NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | They | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | past | the faint stars | planets and off suns | | | | | tree rules | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} The stars are too faint to see one by one without a telescope ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:23-the-milky-way:t11:o2:1 # text = The stars are too faint to see one by one without a telescope 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 too too ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 faint faint ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 obj _ _ 9 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 nmod _ _ 11 without without ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 telescope telescope NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the stars | | | | | faint *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | the stars *not said here* | one | | | | by one; without a telescope | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | ### Option 3 {#o3} The stars were not there before 1610 ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:23-the-milky-way:t11:o3:1 # text = The stars were not there before 1610 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 0 root _ _ 6 before before ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 1610 1610 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is** | past | the stars | | | | before 1610 | there *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} Nobody ever looked up at night ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:23-the-milky-way:t11:o4:1 # text = Nobody ever looked up at night 1 Nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 3 nsubj _ _ 2 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 3 advmod _ _ 3 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 up up ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 5 at at ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **look up** | past | Nobody | | | | ever; night | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Milky Way, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/23-the-milky-way/t10/) - next →: [The Milky Way, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/23-the-milky-way/e1/) - ↑ back to [The Milky Way](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/23-the-milky-way/)