---
title: If the universe is expanding, what was it like long ago? — Galaxies and the Big Bang · tree and pragmatics
description: If the universe is expanding, what was it like long ago? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 24 «Galaxies and the Big Bang» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Galaxies and the Big Bang

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If the universe is expanding, what was it like long ago?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** universe · **What happens:** expand

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 24 «Galaxies and the Big Bang» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang:t3:1
# text = If the universe is expanding, what was it like long ago?
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	expanding	expand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
12	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | present · progressive | the universe |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bigger and colder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang:t3:o1:1
# text = Bigger and colder
1	Bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smaller, hotter and denser

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang:t3:o2:1
# text = Smaller, hotter and denser
1	Smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	denser	dense	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Empty of all space

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang:t3:o3:1
# text = Empty of all space
1	Empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exactly as it is now

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang:t3:o4:1
# text = Exactly as it is now
1	Exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | it |  |  |  | now | exactly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Galaxies and the Big Bang, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang/t2/)
- next →: [Galaxies and the Big Bang, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang/t4/)
- ↑ back to [Galaxies and the Big Bang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang/)