---
title: Identify the discoveries made by Galileo by means of a telescope in… — Telescopes and light · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the discoveries made by Galileo by means of a telescope in 1609-1610. Exam question 3 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 3 · Telescopes and light

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the discoveries made by Galileo by means of a telescope in 1609-1610.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, make, mean · **To what, where:** discoveries

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/27-telescopes-and-light/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:e3:1
# text = Identify the discoveries made by Galileo by means of a telescope in 1609-1610.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	discoveries	discovery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl:agent	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	telescope	telescope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1609-1610	1609-1610	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the discoveries |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent discovery=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | the discoveries *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of a telescope in 1609-1610 | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Four moons of Jupiter, lunar mountains and the phases of Venus

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:e3:o1:1
# text = Four moons of Jupiter, lunar mountains and the phases of Venus
1	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	lunar	lunar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	phases	phase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first exoplanet and a black hole

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:e3:o2:1
# text = The first exoplanet and a black hole
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	exoplanet	exoplanet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The planets Uranus and Neptune

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:e3:o3:1
# text = The planets Uranus and Neptune
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	Uranus	Uranus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Neptune	Neptune	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rings of Saturn and the Andromeda Galaxy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:e3:o4:1
# text = The rings of Saturn and the Andromeda Galaxy
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Saturn	Saturn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Andromeda	Andromeda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Galaxy	Galaxy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Telescopes and light, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/e2/)
- next →: [Telescopes and light, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Telescopes and light](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/)