---
title: Why did Hubble get blurry pictures at first, and how was it fixed? — Telescopes and light · tree and pragmatics
description: Why did Hubble get blurry pictures at first, and how was it fixed? Test 4 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 4 · Telescopes and light

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why did Hubble get blurry pictures at first, and how was it fixed?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Hubble · **What happens:** get, fix · **To what, where:** blurry pictures, it

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/27-telescopes-and-light/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t4:1
# text = Why did Hubble get blurry pictures at first, and how was it fixed?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	Hubble	Hubble	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	blurry	blurry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past · do-support | Hubble | blurry pictures |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent picture=Theme at first=Asset |
| 2 | **fix** | past · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its mirror was wrongly shaped, and astronauts fixed it in 1993

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t4:o1:1
# text = Its mirror was wrongly shaped, and astronauts fixed it in 1993
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	wrongly	wrongly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1993	1993	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | past · passive |  | Its mirror |  |  |  | wrongly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **fix** | past | astronauts | mirror |  | 1993 |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was never fixed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t4:o2:1
# text = It was never fixed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fix** | past · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its lens was dirty, so it was wiped clean by a robot arm sent from Earth

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t4:o3:1
# text = Its lens was dirty, so it was wiped clean by a robot arm sent from Earth
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	lens	lens	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	wiped	wipe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	robot	robot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Its lens |  |  |  |  | dirty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wipe** | past · passive | a robot arm | lens |  |  |  | clean *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 3 | **send** | participle |  | a robot arm *not said here* |  | Earth |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from earth=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was too far away, so it was moved closer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t4:o4:1
# text = It was too far away, so it was moved closer
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
11	closer	close	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | away, far *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | past · passive |  | it |  |  |  | close *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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