---
title: Galileo saw that Venus has phases like the Moon. What does that tell… — Telescopes and light · tree and pragmatics
description: Galileo saw that Venus has phases like the Moon. What does that tell us he used? Test 8 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 8 · Telescopes and light

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Galileo saw that Venus has phases like the Moon. What does that tell us he used?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Galileo, Venus, that · **What happens:** see, have, tell, use · **To what, where:** phases, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/27-telescopes-and-light/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Galileo saw that Venus has phases like the Moon.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t8:1
# text = Galileo saw that Venus has phases like the Moon.
1	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	phases	phase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Galileo |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | present | Venus | phases |  |  |  | like the Moon | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent phase=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What does that tell us he used?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t8:2
# text = What does that tell us he used?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | that |  | us |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle | Venus |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A space telescope

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t8:o1:1
# text = A space telescope
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	telescope	telescope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A radio dish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t8:o2:1
# text = A radio dish
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small homemade telescope

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t8:o3:1
# text = A small homemade telescope
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	homemade	homemade	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	telescope	telescope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The naked eye only

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:27-telescopes-and-light:t8:o4:1
# text = The naked eye only
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Telescopes and light, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/t7/)
- next →: [Telescopes and light, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/t9/)
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