--- title: Hold a pencil close to your face, then far, and wink each eye. When… — How we know: measuring the sky · tree and pragmatics description: Hold a pencil close to your face, then far, and wink each eye. When does it jump less? Test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 28 «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/t2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/) / [How we know: measuring the sky](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/) / t2 # Test 2 · ★★★ · How we know: measuring the sky Hold a pencil close to your face, then far, and wink each eye. When does it jump less? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, eye · **What happens:** hold, wink, jump · **To what, where:** pencil, eye This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 28 «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/#t2). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Hold a pencil close to your face, then far, and wink each eye. ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky:t2:1 # text = Hold a pencil close to your face, then far, and wink each eye. 1 Hold hold VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 pencil pencil NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 xcomp _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 10 advmod _ _ 10 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 1 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 wink wink VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 14 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 15 det _ _ 15 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | a pencil | | | | close, far *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pencil=Theme | | 2 | **wink** | infinitive | you *not said here* | each eye | | | | | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* When does it jump less? ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky:t2:2 # text = When does it jump less? 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 jump jump VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **jump** | present · do-support | eye | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} It never jumps at all ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky:t2:o1:1 # text = It never jumps at all 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 3 advmod _ _ 3 jumps jump VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **jump** | present | It | | | all | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory | ### Option 2 {#o2} It jumps the same both times ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky:t2:o2:1 # text = It jumps the same both times 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 jumps jump VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 obj _ _ 5 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 6 det _ _ 6 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl:unmarked _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **jump** | present | It | the same | | | time | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location same=Theme | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} When it is far away, just like distant stars ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky:t2:o3:1 # text = When it is far away, just like distant stars 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 5 mark _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 5 advmod _ _ 5 away away ADV RB _ 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 just just ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 8 like like ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 distant distant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | it | | | | | like distant stars; away, far *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} When it is close ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky:t2:o4:1 # text = When it is close 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 4 mark _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | it | | | | | close *property* | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [How we know: measuring the sky, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/t1/) - next →: [How we know: measuring the sky, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/t3/) - ↑ back to [How we know: measuring the sky](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/)