---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Venus · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the rotation of Venus? Exam question 2 of lesson 4 «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Venus

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the rotation of Venus?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Venus · **What happens:** follow, characteris, rotate · **To what, where:** rotation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 4 «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/4-venus/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:4-venus:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the rotation of Venus?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rotation	rotation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the rotation of Venus |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **rotate** |  | Venus |  |  |  |  |  | nom rotation «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It does not rotate whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:4-venus:e2:o1:1
# text = It does not rotate whatsoever
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	rotate	rotate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **rotate** | present · do-support | It |  |  |  |  | whatsoever *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It rotates once every twenty-four hours in the usual sense

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:4-venus:e2:o2:1
# text = It rotates once every twenty-four hours in the usual sense
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rotates	rotate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	advmod	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
5	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rotate** | present | It |  |  | the usual sense | hour | once *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sense=Location |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It rotates in the retrograde sense and its day exceeds its year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:4-venus:e2:o3:1
# text = It rotates in the retrograde sense and its day exceeds its year
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rotates	rotate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	retrograde	retrograde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	exceeds	exceed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rotate** | present | It |  |  | the retrograde sense |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sense=Location |
| 2 | **exceed** | present | sense's day |  |  |  | year |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It rotates more rapidly than any other planet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:4-venus:e2:o4:1
# text = It rotates more rapidly than any other planet
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rotates	rotate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rotate** | present | It |  |  |  |  | rapidly *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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