--- title: Why can astronauts' footprints stay on the Moon for millions of years? — The Moon · tree and pragmatics description: Why can astronauts' footprints stay on the Moon for millions of years? Test 5 of lesson 6 «The Moon» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/6-the-moon/t5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/) / [The Moon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/6-the-moon/) / t5 # Test 5 · The Moon Why can astronauts' footprints stay on the Moon for millions of years? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** footprints · **What happens:** stay · **To what, where:** Moon This is test 5 of lesson 6 «The Moon» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/6-the-moon/#t5). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:6-the-moon:t5:1 # text = Why can astronauts' footprints stay on the Moon for millions of years? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 6 advmod _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 astronauts astronaut NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ' 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 footprints footprint NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 stay stay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 14 ? ? PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stay** | present | astronauts's footprints | | | the Moon | | for millions of years | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on moon=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} The Moon's dust is glued down hard by the cold ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:6-the-moon:t5:o1:1 # text = The Moon's dust is glued down hard by the cold 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 glued glue VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 down down ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _ 9 by by ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **glue down** | present · passive | the cold | the Moon's dust | | | | hard *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2} The astronauts painted them on to make them last ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:6-the-moon:t5:o2:1 # text = The astronauts painted them on to make them last 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 astronauts astronaut NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 painted paint VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ _ 5 on on ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 8 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ _ 9 last last VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **paint on** | past | the astronauts | them *= they* | | | | | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Destination | | 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | the astronauts *not said here* | astronauts *= astronaut* | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **last** | infinitive | astronauts *= astronaut* *not said here* | | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} There is no wind or rain to wipe them away ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:6-the-moon:t5:o3:1 # text = There is no wind or rain to wipe them away 1 There there PRON EX PronType=Dem 2 expl _ _ 2 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 4 det _ _ 4 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 5 or or CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 wipe wipe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 acl _ _ 9 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 away away ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **does** | present | no wind or rain | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **wipe away** | to-infinitive | no wind or rain *not said here* | wind | | | | away *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source | ### Option 4 {#o4} The Moon's ground is frozen hard like concrete ```conllu # sent_id = question:space:6-the-moon:t5:o4:1 # text = The Moon's ground is frozen hard like concrete 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _ 8 like like ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 concrete concrete NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **freeze** | present · passive | | the Moon's ground | | | | like concrete; hard *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Moon, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/6-the-moon/t4/) - next →: [The Moon, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/6-the-moon/t6/) - ↑ back to [The Moon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/6-the-moon/)