---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises spri… — Phases, eclipses and tides · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises spring tides? Exam question 4 of lesson 7 «Phases, eclipses and tides» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Phases, eclipses and tides

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises spring tides?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** spring tides

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 7 «Phases, eclipses and tides» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/7-phases-eclipses-and-tides/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:7-phases-eclipses-and-tides:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises spring tides?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	tides	tide	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | spring tides |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tides caused principally by the action of the wind

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:7-phases-eclipses-and-tides:e4:o1:1
# text = Tides caused principally by the action of the wind
1	Tides	tide	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	principally	principally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | Tides |  |  |  |  | by the action of the wind; principally *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **act** |  | the wind |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tides occurring solely in the season of spring

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:7-phases-eclipses-and-tides:e4:o2:1
# text = Tides occurring solely in the season of spring
1	Tides	tide	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	occurring	occur	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | gerund | Tides *not said here* |  |  |  | season | solely *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tides of least range, occurring at the quarter Moons in every month of the year

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:7-phases-eclipses-and-tides:e4:o3:1
# text = Tides of least range, occurring at the quarter Moons in every month of the year
1	Tides	tide	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	nmod	_	_
4	range	range	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	occurring	occur	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | gerund | range of least *not said here* |  |  | the quarter Moons | month |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at moon=Location |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tides of greatest range, occurring at new and full Moon throughout the year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:7-phases-eclipses-and-tides:e4:o4:1
# text = Tides of greatest range, occurring at new and full Moon throughout the year
1	Tides	tide	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	amod	_	_
4	range	range	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	occurring	occur	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | gerund | greatest range *not said here* |  |  | new Moon | year |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at moon=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Phases, eclipses and tides, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/7-phases-eclipses-and-tides/e3/)
- next →: [Mars, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/8-mars/t1/)
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