---
title: Identify the reason for which the surface of Mars presents a red app… — Mars · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the reason for which the surface of Mars presents a red appearance. Exam question 1 of lesson 8 «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Mars

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the reason for which the surface of Mars presents a red appearance.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, surface · **What happens:** identify, present · **To what, where:** reason, red appearance

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 8 «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/space/8-mars/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:8-mars:e1:1
# text = Identify the reason for which the surface of Mars presents a red appearance.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Mars	Mars	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **present** | present | the surface of Mars | a red appearance |  |  |  | for the reason | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent appearance=Theme for which=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The presence of red vegetation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:8-mars:e1:o1:1
# text = The presence of red vegetation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	vegetation	vegetation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reflection of light from its moons

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:8-mars:e1:o2:1
# text = The reflection of light from its moons
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The incandescence of its surface owing to intense heat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:8-mars:e1:o3:1
# text = The incandescence of its surface owing to intense heat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	incandescence	incandescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	intense	intense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund | the incandescence of incandescence's surface *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to intense heat *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to heat=Goal |
| 2 | **incandesce** |  |  | incandescence's surface |  |  |  |  | nom incandescence «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The presence of iron oxide in its surface materials

```conllu
# sent_id = question:space:8-mars:e1:o4:1
# text = The presence of iron oxide in its surface materials
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	oxide	oxide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	materials	material	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Mars, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/8-mars/t11/)
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