---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a U-shaped bend is installed… — Heating, water pipes and drains · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a U-shaped bend is installed beneath a sink. Exam question 1 of lesson 13 «Heating, water pipes and drains» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Heating, water pipes and drains

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a U-shaped bend is installed beneath a sink.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, shape, install · **To what, where:** principal reason, shaped bend, sink

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 13 «Heating, water pipes and drains» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a U-shaped bend is installed beneath a sink.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	U	U	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	bend	bend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	installed	install	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
14	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sink	sink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **install** | present · passive |  | a shaped bend |  | a sink |  | for the principal reason | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme beneath sink=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It filters drinking water before use

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e1:o1:1
# text = It filters drinking water before use
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	filters	filter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **filter** | present | It | drinking water |  |  | before use |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent water=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **drink** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It retains water which prevents the ingress of foul odours

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e1:o2:1
# text = It retains water which prevents the ingress of foul odours
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	retains	retain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	prevents	prevent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ingress	ingress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	foul	foul	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	odours	odour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retain** | present | It | water |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prevent** | present | water | the ingress of foul odours |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer ingress=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It heats water prior to its discharge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e1:o3:1
# text = It heats water prior to its discharge
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heats	heat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	7	case	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	discharge	discharge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | present | It | water |  |  |  | prior water's discharge | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument water=Patient |
| 2 | **discharge** |  | water |  |  |  |  |  | nom discharge «event transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It accelerates the drainage of waste water into the sewer below

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e1:o4:1
# text = It accelerates the drainage of waste water into the sewer below
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	accelerates	accelerate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	drainage	drainage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sewer	sewer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	below	below	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accelerate** | present | It | the drainage of waste water |  | the sewer |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent drainage=Patient |
| 2 | **drain** |  | waste water |  |  |  |  |  | nom drainage «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Heating, water pipes and drains, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains/t11/)
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