---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Heating, water pipes and drains · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequence of water freezing within a domestic pipe? Exam question 3 of lesson 13 «Heating, water pipes and drains» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of e
---

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# Exam question 3 · Heating, water pipes and drains

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequence of water freezing within a domestic pipe?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** consequence · **What happens:** follow, characteris, freeze · **To what, where:** consequence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 13 «Heating, water pipes and drains» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequence of water freezing within a domestic pipe?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	freezing	freeze	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
14	within	within	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	domestic	domestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the consequence of water |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **freeze** | gerund | the consequence of water *not said here* |  |  |  |  | within a domestic pipe | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Contraction of the ice draws the pipe inwards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e3:o1:1
# text = Contraction of the ice draws the pipe inwards
1	Contraction	contraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	draws	draw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	inwards	inwards	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present | Contraction of the ice | the pipe |  |  |  | inwards *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Theme |
| 2 | **contract** |  |  | the ice |  |  |  |  | nom contraction «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Expansion of the ice may fracture the pipe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e3:o2:1
# text = Expansion of the ice may fracture the pipe
1	Expansion	expansion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	fracture	fracture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fracture** | may | Expansion of the ice | the pipe |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Patient |
| 2 | **expand** |  |  | the ice |  |  |  |  | nom expansion «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pipe becomes permanently magnetised

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e3:o3:1
# text = The pipe becomes permanently magnetised
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	magnetised	magnetise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | the pipe |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **magnetise** | participle | the pipe *not said here* |  |  |  |  | permanently *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The water boils and escapes as vapour

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains:e3:o4:1
# text = The water boils and escapes as vapour
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	boils	boil	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	escapes	escape	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boil** | present | the water |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **escape** | present | the water *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as vapour | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Heating, water pipes and drains, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains/e2/)
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