---
title: It is given that a child of nine years measures 130 centimetres. Asc… — Car safety: brakes, seat belts and air… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a child of nine years measures 130 centimetres. Ascertain, pursuant to United Kingdom rules, whether a child seat is required. Exam question 2 of lesson 18 «Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pr
---

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# Exam question 2 · Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a child of nine years measures 130 centimetres. Ascertain, pursuant to United Kingdom rules, whether a child seat is required.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** child, you · **What happens:** give, measure, ascertain, require · **To what, where:** It, 130 centimetres, child seat

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 18 «Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/18-car-safety/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a child of nine years measures 130 centimetres.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:18-car-safety:e2:1
# text = It is given that a child of nine years measures 130 centimetres.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	nine	nine	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	measures	measure	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	130	130	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **measure** | present | a child of nine years | 130 centimetres |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme centimetre=Value |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain, pursuant to United Kingdom rules, whether a child seat is required.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:18-car-safety:e2:2
# text = Ascertain, pursuant to United Kingdom rules, whether a child seat is required.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	pursuant	pursuant	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	United	United	PROPN	NNP	_	6	flat	_	_
6	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to Kingdom rules | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **require** | present · passive |  | a child seat |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No child seat is required

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:18-car-safety:e2:o1:1
# text = No child seat is required
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | no child seat |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The child must sit in the front seat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:18-car-safety:e2:o2:1
# text = The child must sit in the front seat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | must | the child |  |  | the front seat |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in seat=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A child seat is required only on motorways

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:18-car-safety:e2:o3:1
# text = A child seat is required only on motorways
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	motorways	motorway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | a child seat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A child seat or booster is required

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:18-car-safety:e2:o4:1
# text = A child seat or booster is required
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	booster	booster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | a child seat or booster |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Car safety: brakes, seat belts and air…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/18-car-safety/e1/)
- next →: [Car safety: brakes, seat belts and air…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/18-car-safety/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/18-car-safety/)