---
title: «a jet engine is basically just a big hairdryer innit» What is a bet… — Why planes fly · tree and pragmatics
description: «a jet engine is basically just a big hairdryer innit» What is a better description? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 22 «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · Why planes fly

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«a jet engine is basically just a big hairdryer innit» What is a better description?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** jet engine, big hairdryer innit · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** big hairdryer innit, better description

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 22 «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/22-why-planes-fly/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t11:1
# text = «a jet engine is basically just a big hairdryer innit» What is a better description?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	jet	jet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
6	basically	basically	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	hairdryer	hairdryer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	innit	innit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	17	amod	_	_
17	description	description	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | a jet engine | a big hairdryer innit |  |  |  | basically *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a big hairdryer innit | a better description |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a giant propeller with no fuel

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t11:o1:1
# text = It is a giant propeller with no fuel
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	propeller	propeller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a giant propeller |  |  |  | with no fuel | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It pulls the plane by sucking the air in front

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t11:o2:1
# text = It pulls the plane by sucking the air in front
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pulls	pull	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sucking	suck	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | present | It | the plane |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Theme |
| 2 | **suck** | gerund |  | the air |  | front |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it only blows warm air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t11:o3:1
# text = Yes, it only blows warm air
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | present | it | warm air |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent air=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It sucks air in with a big fan, burns fuel in it and blasts gas out of the back

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t11:o4:1
# text = It sucks air in with a big fan, burns fuel in it and blasts gas out of the back
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sucks	suck	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fan	fan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	burns	burn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	blasts	blast	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suck in** | present | It | air |  |  |  | with a big fan | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source |
| 2 | **burn** | present |  | fuel |  | fuel |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fuel=Theme |
| 3 | **blast** | present |  | gas |  | the back |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location gas=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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