---
title: «why did that plane leave a white line and the other one didn't» Wha… — Why planes fly · tree and pragmatics
description: «why did that plane leave a white line and the other one didn't» What is right? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 22 «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · Why planes fly

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why did that plane leave a white line and the other one didn't» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** plane, other one · **What happens:** leave, not do, be · **To what, where:** white line

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 22 «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/22-why-planes-fly/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t4:1
# text = «why did that plane leave a white line and the other one didn't» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
17	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** *in a quote* | past · do-support | that plane | a white line |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **do** *in a quote* | past | the other one |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trails form only when the air up there is cold and damp enough

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t4:o1:1
# text = Trails form only when the air up there is cold and damp enough
1	Trails	trail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	up	up	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | Trails |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the air |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the air *not said here* |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The second plane had its engines switched off

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t4:o2:1
# text = The second plane had its engines switched off
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	engines	engine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	switched	switch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the second plane | plane's engines |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engine=Patient |
| 2 | **switch off** | participle |  | plane's engines *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only one of them was spraying chemicals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t4:o3:1
# text = Only one of them was spraying chemicals
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	spraying	spray	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
7	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spray** | past · progressive | one of them | chemicals |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent chemical=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One plane was burning fuel, the other was gliding along without engines

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:22-why-planes-fly:t4:o4:1
# text = One plane was burning fuel, the other was gliding along without engines
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
11	along	along	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	without	without	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	engines	engine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | One plane | burning fuel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **glide** | past · progressive | the other |  |  |  |  | without engines; along *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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