---
title: «why the heck do i need a whole control tower, can't pilots just loo… — Airports, the black box, helicopters a… · tree and pragmatics
description: «why the heck do i need a whole control tower, can't pilots just look out the window» What is right? Test 4 of lesson 23 «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

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# Test 4 · Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why the heck do i need a whole control tower, can't pilots just look out the window» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** heck, pilots · **What happens:** need, not look out, be · **To what, where:** whole control tower, window

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 23 «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t4:1
# text = «why the heck do i need a whole control tower, can't pilots just look out the window» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	heck	heck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	i	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
15	pilots	pilot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
16	just	just	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
22	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	24	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** *in a quote* | present · do-support | the heck | a whole control tower |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot tower=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **look out** *in a quote* | can | pilots | the window |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pilots really do just look and swerve

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t4:o1:1
# text = Pilots really do just look and swerve
1	Pilots	pilot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	swerve	swerve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present · do-support | Pilots |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **swerve** | infinitive | Pilots *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thousands of planes fly at once, and controllers use radar and radio to keep them apart

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t4:o2:1
# text = Thousands of planes fly at once, and controllers use radar and radio to keep them apart
1	Thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	planes	plane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	fly	fly	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	controllers	controller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	radar	radar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | present | Thousands of planes |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location |
| 2 | **use** | present | controllers | radar and radio |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent radar=Patient |
| 3 | **keep** | to-infinitive | controllers *not said here* | radar |  |  |  | apart *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tower is only for weather reports

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t4:o3:1
# text = The tower is only for weather reports
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	reports	report	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the tower |  |  |  |  | for weather reports | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Control towers only sell tickets

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t4:o4:1
# text = Control towers only sell tickets
1	Control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	towers	tower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sell	sell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	tickets	ticket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | Control towers | tickets |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ticket=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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