---
title: In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon… — Airports, the black box, helicopters a… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon turns right. What is wrong? Test 5 of lesson 23 «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 5 · Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon turns right. What is wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** balloon pilot, balloon · **What happens:** turn, be · **To what, where:** steering wheel

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 23 «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon turns right.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t5:1
# text = In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon turns right.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	steering	steering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
16	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | a balloon pilot | a steering wheel |  |  |  | in a cartoon | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient in cartoon=Topic |
| 2 | **turn** | present | the balloon |  |  |  |  | right *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t5:2
# text = What is wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Balloons steer with oars, not wheels

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t5:o1:1
# text = Balloons steer with oars, not wheels
1	Balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	steer	steer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	oars	oar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steer** | present | Balloons | wheels |  |  |  | with oars | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, balloons have rudders

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t5:o2:1
# text = Nothing, balloons have rudders
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	rudders	rudder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Nothing balloons | rudders |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rudder=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real balloons cannot steer; the pilot goes up or down to find a different wind

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t5:o3:1
# text = Real balloons cannot steer; the pilot goes up or down to find a different wind
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	steer	steer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
10	up	up	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	down	down	ADV	RB	_	10	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **steer** | can | Real balloons |  |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go up** | present | the pilot |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | the pilot *not said here* | a different wind |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pilot should blow on the balloon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones:t5:o4:1
# text = The pilot should blow on the balloon
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	blow	blow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | should | the pilot |  |  | the balloon |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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