---
title: Ascertain the course of action recommended to a person who has falle… — Ships, ports and submarines · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the course of action recommended to a person who has fallen into cold water. Exam question 3 of lesson 24 «Ships, ports and submarines» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 3 · Ships, ports and submarines

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the course of action recommended to a person who has fallen into cold water.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, person · **What happens:** ascertain, recommend, fall · **To what, where:** course, action, person, cold water

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 24 «Ships, ports and submarines» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/24-ships-ports-and-submarines/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:24-ships-ports-and-submarines:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the course of action recommended to a person who has fallen into cold water.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	recommended	recommend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the course of action |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic |
| 2 | **recommend** | participle |  | action *not said here* | a person |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to person=Recipient |
| 3 | **fall** | present · perfect | a person |  |  |  |  | into cold water *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into water=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To float upon the back, to remain calm and to signal for assistance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:24-ships-ports-and-submarines:e3:o1:1
# text = To float upon the back, to remain calm and to signal for assistance
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	float	float	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	remain	remain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	signal	signal	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the back |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon back=Trajectory |
| 2 | **remain** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **signal** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for assistance | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent for assistance=Topic |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To dive to a greater depth in search of warmer water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:24-ships-ports-and-submarines:e3:o2:1
# text = To dive to a greater depth in search of warmer water
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	dive	dive	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	depth	depth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	search	search	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dive** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to a greater depth; in search of warmer water | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in search=Attribute |
| 2 | **search** |  |  | warmer water |  |  |  |  | nom search «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To swim with maximum exertion directly away from the shore

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:24-ships-ports-and-submarines:e3:o3:1
# text = To swim with maximum exertion directly away from the shore
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swim	swim	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	maximum	maximum	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	exertion	exertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with maximum exertion; away *property* | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with exertion=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To remove all garments in order to swim with greater speed and less hindrance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:24-ships-ports-and-submarines:e3:o4:1
# text = To remove all garments in order to swim with greater speed and less hindrance
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	remove	remove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	hindrance	hindrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | to-infinitive |  | all garments |  | order |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent garment=Theme |
| 2 | **swim** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with greater speed and less hindrance | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with speed=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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