---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Bicycles and other wheels · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of a reflector? Exam question 4 of lesson 25 «Bicycles and other wheels» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Exam question 4 · Bicycles and other wheels

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of a reflector?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** function

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 25 «Bicycles and other wheels» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/25-bicycles-and-other-wheels/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:25-bicycles-and-other-wheels:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of a reflector?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	reflector	reflector	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the function of a reflector |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It stores daylight and releases it during darkness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:25-bicycles-and-other-wheels:e4:o1:1
# text = It stores daylight and releases it during darkness
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stores	store	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	releases	release	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **store** | present | It | daylight |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daylight=Theme |
| 2 | **release** | present |  | daylight |  |  | during darkness |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer it=Source |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It contains a battery which illuminates it upon the approach of a vehicle

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:25-bicycles-and-other-wheels:e4:o2:1
# text = It contains a battery which illuminates it upon the approach of a vehicle
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	battery	battery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	illuminates	illuminate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	approach	approach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | It | a battery |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot battery=Theme |
| 2 | **illuminate** | present | a battery | battery |  |  |  | upon the approach of a vehicle | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Destination |
| 3 | **approach** |  | a vehicle |  |  |  |  |  | nom approach «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Minute corner-shaped surfaces return incident light directly towards its source

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:25-bicycles-and-other-wheels:e4:o3:1
# text = Minute corner-shaped surfaces return incident light directly towards its source
1	Minute	minute	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
2	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	surfaces	surface	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	incident	incident	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **return** | present | Minute shaped surfaces | incident light |  |  |  | towards light's source; directly *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is coated with a substance that glows upon being heated

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:25-bicycles-and-other-wheels:e4:o4:1
# text = It is coated with a substance that glows upon being heated
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	coated	coat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	glows	glow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **coat** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | with a substance | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with substance=Theme |
| 2 | **glow** | present | a substance |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **heat** | gerund · passive | a substance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V» |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Bicycles and other wheels, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/25-bicycles-and-other-wheels/e3/)
- next →: [Escalators and lifts, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/26-escalators-and-lifts/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Bicycles and other wheels](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/25-bicycles-and-other-wheels/)