---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian ought not to em… — Road and railway safety · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian ought not to emerge between stationary vehicles. Exam question 1 of lesson 27 «Road and railway safety» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Exam question 1 · Road and railway safety

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian ought not to emerge between stationary vehicles.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, pedestrian · **What happens:** identify, not emerge · **To what, where:** principal reason, stationary vehicles

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 27 «Road and railway safety» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:27-road-and-railway-safety:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian ought not to emerge between stationary vehicles.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pedestrian	pedestrian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	emerge	emerge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
13	between	between	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	stationary	stationary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **emerge** | ought | a pedestrian | the principal reason *not said here* |  | stationary vehicles |  | for the principal reason | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between vehicle=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The practice is discourteous towards the owners of the vehicles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:27-road-and-railway-safety:e1:o1:1
# text = The practice is discourteous towards the owners of the vehicles
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	discourteous	discourteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	owners	owner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the practice |  |  |  |  | towards the owners of the vehicles; discourteous *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pedestrian can neither be perceived by approaching drivers nor perceive the approaching traffic

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:27-road-and-railway-safety:e1:o2:1
# text = The pedestrian can neither be perceived by approaching drivers nor perceive the approaching traffic
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pedestrian	pedestrian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	approaching	approach	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	11	cc	_	_
11	perceive	perceive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	approaching	approaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | can · passive |  | the pedestrian |  |  |  | neither *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **approach** | gerund |  | drivers |  |  |  |  | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent driver=Theme |
| 3 | **perceive** | infinitive |  | the approaching traffic |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer traffic=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stationary vehicles are liable to depart without warning together with the pedestrian

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:27-road-and-railway-safety:e1:o3:1
# text = Stationary vehicles are liable to depart without warning together with the pedestrian
1	Stationary	stationary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	liable	liable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	depart	depart	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	warning	warn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	together	together	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pedestrian	pedestrian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Stationary vehicles |  |  |  |  | liable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **depart** | to-infinitive | Stationary vehicles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **warn** *speech: warn* | gerund | Stationary vehicles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the pedestrian; together *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vehicles are thereby caused to emit audible alarms

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:27-road-and-railway-safety:e1:o4:1
# text = The vehicles are thereby caused to emit audible alarms
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	emit	emit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	audible	audible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	alarms	alarm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive |  | the vehicles |  |  |  | thereby *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **emit** | to-infinitive | the vehicles *not said here* | audible alarms |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source alarm=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Road and railway safety, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/t11/)
- next →: [Road and railway safety, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Road and railway safety](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/)