---
title: In a cartoon, a crane lifts a whole house and does not tip, with not… — Diggers, cranes and cement mixers · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, a crane lifts a whole house and does not tip, with nothing on its short arm. What is wrong? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 28 «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's 
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Diggers, cranes and cement mixers

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, a crane lifts a whole house and does not tip, with nothing on its short arm. What is wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** crane · **What happens:** lift, not tip, be · **To what, where:** whole house, cartoon, nothing, short arm

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This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 28 «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, a crane lifts a whole house and does not tip, with nothing on its short arm.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers:t3:1
# text = In a cartoon, a crane lifts a whole house and does not tip, with nothing on its short arm.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lifts	lift	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	tip	tip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	14	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present | a crane | a whole house |  | a cartoon |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent house=Theme in cartoon=Destination |
| 2 | **not** **tip** | present · do-support | a crane *not said here* | nothing |  | crane's short arm |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent nothing=Theme on arm=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers:t3:2
# text = What is wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without counterweights on the short arm, the crane would tip over

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers:t3:o1:1
# text = Without counterweights on the short arm, the crane would tip over
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	counterweights	counterweight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	tip	tip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	over	over	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tip over** | would | the crane |  |  |  |  | without counterweights on the short arm; over *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, cranes are always strong enough

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers:t3:o2:1
# text = Nothing, cranes are always strong enough
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	cranes	crane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Nothing cranes |  |  |  |  | always, enough, strong *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The house would make the crane taller

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers:t3:o3:1
# text = The house would make the crane taller
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | would | the house | the crane |  |  |  | tall *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset crane=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cranes never lift anything heavy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers:t3:o4:1
# text = Cranes never lift anything heavy
1	Cranes	crane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	lift	lift	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **lift** | present | Cranes | anything |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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