---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises rene… — Wind, sun and other clean energy · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises renewable energy? Exam question 1 of lesson 33 «Wind, sun and other clean energy» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Wind, sun and other clean energy

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises renewable energy?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** renewable energy

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 33 «Wind, sun and other clean energy» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises renewable energy?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	renewable	renewable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | renewable energy |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives from sources not exhausted by use, such as wind and sunlight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy:e1:o1:1
# text = It derives from sources not exhausted by use, such as wind and sunlight
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | sources such wind and sunlight |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from source=Material |
| 2 | **not** **exhaust** | participle |  | sources such wind and sunlight *not said here* |  |  |  | by use | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is derived exclusively from coal and oil of very recent extraction from the ground

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy:e1:o2:1
# text = It is derived exclusively from coal and oil of very recent extraction from the ground
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	derived	derive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	extraction	extraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present · passive |  | It |  | coal of recent extraction and oil |  | from the ground; exclusively *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from coal=Material |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is energy which may be employed on one occasion only and is then lost for ever

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy:e1:o3:1
# text = It is energy which may be employed on one occasion only and is then lost for ever
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
14	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
15	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | energy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **employ** | may · passive |  | energy |  | one occasion |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **lose** | present · passive |  |  |  |  | then |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V» |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is energy which is cheaper than every alternative in every country of the world

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:33-wind-sun-and-other-clean-energy:e1:o4:1
# text = It is energy which is cheaper than every alternative in every country of the world
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	alternative	alternative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  | every country of the world |  | than every alternative; cheap *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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